Federal Reserve's Interest Rate Control System (Chikamu Chekutanga)

Mumisika yemari yepasi rose, iyo FederalReserve's interest rate control system yagara iri nzvimbo yekutarisisa. Kuti unzwisise zvakadzama sisitimu iyi, zvakakosha kuti tisangotarisa pane zvazvino mashandiro ekuita asi zvakare kuongorora kushanduka kwayo kwenhoroondo. Chikamu chekutanga chechinyorwa chino chichaongorora Federal Reserve's interest rate corridor system pamberi pedambudziko remari ra2008, richiisa hwaro hwekuongorora kunotevera.

Mhedziso yeInterest Rate Corridor System

Kusati kwatanga dambudziko rezvemari ra2008, mabhanga epakati munyika dzakabudirira, kunyanya muEurope neUnited States, aigarotora nzira yemhindu yemukoridho yekudzora mitengo yemisika. Mhedzisiro yeiyi nzira ndeyekuseta yepamusoro uye yakaderera muganho wemitengo yemubereko, kuve nechokwadi chekuti mitengo yemusika inochinja mukati merudzi urwu. Iyo kiredhiti yemubereko corridor haingotsigire zvinotarisirwa pamusika chete asiwo inowedzeraIZVIkuve pachena uye kufanotaura kwegwaro remari, zvichiwedzera kushanda kwayo.

Kuongorora kwakadzama kweFederal Reserve's Interest Rate Control System (Chikamu Chekutanga)

Kunyanya, muganho wepamusoro wemubereko wemubereko unowanzo tariswa nehuwandu hwepamusoro apo bhanga guru rinokweretesa kumabhanga, kazhinji richiratidza mutengo wekuti mabhanga akwerete kubva kubhanga guru renyika. Muganho wakaderera unotarwa nehuwandu hwemari inobhadharwa nebhanga guru pamari yakawandisa yakaiswa nemabhanga. Mareti maviri aya anoumba huwandu mukati umo mubereko wemusika unochinja, zvichiita kuti zviome kuti mitengo yemusika ipfuure iyi nguva.

Tichitora European Central Bank (ECB) semuenzaniso, mubereko wayo wecorridor system inowanzoitika, ine muganho wepamusoro uri wemari yekukweretesa uye muganho wepasi uchive dhipoziti. Kana mitengo yemusika ichisvika pamuganho wepamusoro, mabhanga anonyanya kuda kukwereta kubva kubhanga guru; ukuwo, kana mitengo yemusika yasvika padanho rezasi, mabhanga anosarudza kuisa mari yavo kubhanga guru renyika. Urongwa uhwu hunochengeta mitengo yemusika mukati meiyo yakagadzikana, ichidzikisa kuwanda uye kusimba kwekupindira kwebhanga guru.

Iyo Federal Reserve's Interest Rate Control System Pamberi pa2008

Pamberi pematambudziko emari muna 2008, federal fund rate ndiyo yaiva chinhu chikuru chakashandiswa neFederal Reserve kutonga misika. Iyo federal fund rate inoratidza mutengo wekukwereta kwehusiku pakati pemabhangi uye chiratidzo chakakosha cheinterbank liquidity. Nekugadzirisa chiyero ichi, iyo Federal Reserve inogona kukanganisa mari yekubhadhara mari kumabhanga, zvichizokanganisa zvisina kunanga zviitiko zvehupfumi zvakaita sekushandisa,investment, uye kukura kweupfumi.

Zvakakosha kucherechedza kuti iyo Federal Reserve's interest rate corridor system panguva iyoyo yaive nehumwe hunhu hwakasiyana kana ichienzaniswa nedzimwe nyika. Muyero wepamusoro wemuganho waive wekuderedzwa kwewindow rate, inova chiyero icho Federal Reserve inokweretesa kumabhangi. Nekudaro, kusiyana neyakajairwa mubereko corridor system, iyo Federal Reserve haina kuisa yakajeka yakaderera muganho mwero nekuti haina kubhadhara mubereko pamabhangi reserves. Izvi zvaireva kuti chiyero chepasi chemuganho chaive pedyo ne zero.

Zvisinei neizvi, iyo Federal Reserve yaive ichiri kukwanisa kudzora mitengo yemusika kuburikidza nekushanda kwemusika wakavhurika, kureva kutenga nekutengesa zvibatiso zvehurumende, kuve nechokwadi chekuti mitengo yemusika inoshanduka ichitenderedza mari yemubatanidzwa. Kubudirira kwekushanda kwemusika wakavhurika kwaive muchikamu chidiki chemabhanga akachengetwa kuFederal Reserve panguva iyoyo, zvichiita kuti mabhanga awedzere mukana wekutendeukira kuFederal Reserve munguva dzekuoma kwemari, nekudaro kuve nechokwadi kushanda kweiyo yepamusoro chiyero.

Shanduko Mushure me2008 Financial Crisis

Dambudziko remari ra2008 rakakanganisa zvakanyanya hurongwa hwemari yepasi rose, zvichikonzera shanduko huru muFederal Reserve's interest rate control system. Kupindura dambudziko iri, iyo Federal Reserve haina kungoshandisa hombe-yehuwandu yekurerutsa mitemo asi yakaunza kufarira kune yakawandisa reserves (IOER). Ichi chishandiso chitsva chakashandura chimiro uye chiyero chezvicherwa zvakachengetwa nemabhanga kuFederal Reserve.

Pamberi pedambudziko remari, mabhengi ekuchengetedza Federal Reserve angangoita madhora mabhiriyoni gumi, asi kutanga kwa2009, chiyero ichi chakakwira kusvika kumadhora mazana masere emadhora. Kunyangwe makore maviri mushure mekunge Federal Reserve yatanga kukwidza mubereko uye kudzikisa chiyero chayo, masaramusi akasara akakwira pamadhora matatu emadhora. Shanduko iyi haina kungowedzera kugona kweFederal Reserve kudzora mitengo yemusika asi yakashandura zvakanyanya nzira dzayo dzekushanda.

Nekuunza iyo IOER, iyo Federal Reserve inogona kunyatso kudzora mitengo yemusika pasina kazhinji yakavhurika musika mashandiro. Iyi nzira itsva yemubereko yemuhoro yaisanganisira chiyero chefafitera chekudzikisa semuganho wepamusoro uye IOER semuganho wepasi, ichigadzira chimiro chakatsiga chemhindu.

Mhedziso

Muchidimbu, iyo Federal Reserve's interest rate corridor system isati yatanga dambudziko remari ra2008, kunyangwe raive rakapfava, rakashanda zvakanyanya pasi pemamiriro emusika panguva iyoyo. Nekubuda kwedambudziko remari, iyo Federal Reserve yakamanikidzwa kugadzirisa maturusi ayo ekushanda, kuunza midziyo mitsva yemubereko kuti igadzirise mamiriro emusika anogara achichinja. Kunzwisisa kushanduka kwehurongwa uhu hakungotibatsiri chete kubata zvirinani mutemo wemari weFederal Reserve asi kunopawo mareferensi akakosha ekuongorora mafambiro ezvehupfumi mune ramangwana.